(1) Power Disparity Index (PDI)
Meaning: Whether or not you accept the power gap (the indicator will be high if you accept it)
Globally: High in Asian countries, low in Nordic and Anglo-American countries.
Japan: Lowest in Asia, but higher than the Nordic and Anglo-American countries.
(2) Individualism versus collectivism (IDV)
Meaning: Individualistic or collectivist orientation (the indicator is higher if the former)
Globally: High in Nordic and Anglo-American countries, low in Asian and Central and South American countries.
Japan: Second highest in Asia after India (and in the middle globally).
(3) Masculinity versus femininity (MAS)
Meaning: High if masculinity (competition and career advancement) is important, low if femininity (lifestyle) is important.
Globally: Anglo-American countries are masculine, Nordic countries are feminine, and Asian countries show significant national differences.
Japan: One of the world's top countries in terms of height, followed by China in Asia.
(4) Uncertainty avoidance index (UAI)
Meaning: High in tension-based societies that avoid uncertainty, and low in relaxed societies that accept uncertainty.
Globally: High in Southern European countries, medium to low in Northern European and Anglo-American countries, and large country-by-country differences in Asian countries.
Japan: Relatively high compared to the rest of the world; South Korea follows Japan in Asia.
(5)Long-term versus short-term orientation (LTO)
Meaning: High if you are long-term oriented and prepare for the future without being fixated on the immediate future, and low if you are short-term focused.
Globally: High in Asian and Central European countries, and low in the Middle East, Africa, Central and South America, and the United States.
Japan: Along with South Korea, China, and Taiwan, it has the highest average height in the world.
(6) Indulgence versus restraint (IVR)
Meaning: High if the proportion of very happy people is large, and low if the proportion of very happy people is small.
Globally: High in Central and South American countries and Nordic/Anglo-American countries; low in Central and Eastern European countries; medium to low in Asian countries.
Japan: High within Asia
This section summarizes Japan's performance in comparison to other countries around the world. The power gap index is slightly low, the individualism index is average, the masculinity index is top-tier, the uncertainty avoidance index is high, the long-term orientation index is top-tier, and the licentiousness-restraint index is average. In short, Japanese society highly values masculinity (competition and career advancement), avoids uncertainty, and has a very strong long-term orientation, while its power gap, individualism, and licentiousness-restraint are about average globally.
The above is a quote from Tsukushinbo's Amazon review of the following book.
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- Cultures of various countries around the world
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For those who want to learn more about Dr. Hofstede's theory of cultural dimensions, see below ↓
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